Wednesday, March 7, 2012

English survives dramatic changes

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English is said to be a living language. For 16 centuries, it has adapted to change, accepting coinages, foreign loan words and new words or phrases. In the process, it has remained to be a stimulating, enriching language.

    True, English is the lingua franca, one that is used in almost every major sphere of life – from science and literature to diplomacy and education. It is the official language for aerial and maritime communications, computer technology and international business. 

   One startling fact comes to mind. English is not the official language in the US, the UK or Australia although it is the most widely spoken language in these countries. Nevertheless, it is the official language in 53 countries, including Botswana, Fiji, Ireland, India and the Philippines.

   The United Nations, European Union, Commonwealth of Nations and International Olympic Committee accept English as their official language. 

   Another surprise is that there are more English-speaking people in the US (251 million), India (125 million) and Nigeria (79 million) than in the UK (59 million). About 750 million people speak English worldwide. English is spoken as a native language by about 350 people and as a second language by nearly 375 million.

   Although English is an international language, it is not the most popular spoken language in the world. According to statistics, the leading first languages spoken worldwide are:

1. Mandarin
1.1 billion speakers
11. Javanese
75.5 million
2. Spanish
358 million
12. Korean
75 million
3. English
350 million
13. French
72 million
4. Arabic
206 million
14. Turkish
69 million
5. Hindi
181 million
15. Vietnamese
67 million
6. Portuguese
171 million
16. Telugu
66 million
7. Bengali
173 million
17. Marathi
64 million
8. Russian
146 million
18. Tamil
63 million
9. Japanese
128 million
19. Italian
59 million
10. German
96 million
20. Urdu
58 million

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